{"id":3925,"date":"2010-04-17T11:30:25","date_gmt":"2010-04-17T08:30:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/?page_id=3925"},"modified":"2012-01-31T10:41:54","modified_gmt":"2012-01-31T08:41:54","slug":"herakles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/mitolojiler\/herakles\/","title":{"rendered":"Herakles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Herakles\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri bir\u00e7ok yazar
\nanlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yazarlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Ovidius
\nile Apollodoros gelir. Apollodoros, Herakles\u2019in
\nhayat\u0131n\u0131 Ovidius\u2019a g\u00f6re daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131yla \u00e7izer.
\nBe\u015finci y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Eupirides ile
\nSophokles, Herakles\u2019in \u00e7e\u015fitli ser\u00fcvenlerini oyun
\nbi\u00e7iminde yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc kahraman\u0131n daha
\nbebekken y\u0131lanlarla olan k\u0131sa bo\u011fu\u015fmas\u0131 da,
\nTheokritos ile Pindaros\u2019un eserlerine konu
\nolmu\u015ftur<\/em>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Eski Yunan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kahraman\u0131 Herakles\u2019ti. Atina\u2019dan ba\u015fka b\u00fct\u00fcn illerde Theseus\u2019tan \u00f6nce an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 ad\u0131. Atinal\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6teki Yunanl\u0131lardan de\u011fi\u015fik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, kahramanlar\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fikti. Yaln\u0131z beden g\u00fcc\u00fcne bakmazd\u0131 Atinal\u0131lar, ak\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc de onlar i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemliydi. Theseus, ak\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fcyle beden g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kendinde toplam\u0131\u015f bir insan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in k\u0131sa zamanda Atina\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6zbebe\u011fi olup \u00e7\u0131k\u0131vermi\u015fti. Atinal\u0131lara bak\u0131l\u0131rsa ondan \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc yoktu \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fcler aras\u0131nda. \u00d6teki Yunanl\u0131lara bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fcler i\u00e7inde en b\u00fcy\u00fck, en \u00fcst\u00fcn kahraman Herakles\u2019ti.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in inan\u0131lmaz g\u00fcc\u00fc kendini a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede gururlu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dcnl\u00fc kahraman yerinin, tanr\u0131lar aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funa inan\u0131r, aras\u0131ra da \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczlere kafa tutard\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fczler pek bir \u015fey diyemezlerdi ona, baz\u0131 kereler yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bile isterlerdi onun. Devlerle tanr\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015fta Herakles tanr\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131n\u0131 tutmu\u015f, att\u0131\u011f\u0131 oklarla devlerin yenilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir keresinde de Apollon\u2019a k\u0131zm\u0131\u015f, onunla sava\u015fmaya kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Delphoi Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na bir soru sormu\u015ftu Herakles. Bak\u0131c\u0131 onun sordu\u011fu soruya cevap vermeyince, zavall\u0131 kad\u0131nca\u011f\u0131z\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, kendi ad\u0131na bir tap\u0131nak kurmaya kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ho\u015flanmayan Apollon, cezaland\u0131rmaya kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 Herakles\u2019i. Herakles, tanr\u0131dan korkmam\u0131\u015f, ona kafa tutmu\u015ftu. Araya Zeus girmeseydi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kavga olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa Herakles\u2019den \u00f6d\u00fc kopuyordu Apollon\u2019un. Ama tanr\u0131l\u0131k bu, herkes ne derdi sonra. Zeus\u2019un araya girmesiyle yat\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc; bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na s\u00f6yleyip, Herakles\u2019in istedi\u011fi cevab\u0131 verdirdi.<\/p>\n

Kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcne besledi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck inan\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden hi\u00e7bir \u015feyden y\u0131lmazda Herakles kendisini yense yense ancak b\u00fcy\u00fc, ya da insan\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanan tanr\u0131lardan biri yenebilirdi. Sonunda da \u00f6yle oldu zaten! Hera, b\u00fcy\u00fcyle s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 yere getirdi onun. Ama ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece, Herakles\u2019i karada, denizde, havada kimse yenemedi.<\/p>\n

Zeka bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fcnl\u00fc karaman\u0131n pek \u00f6yle geli\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemezdi. Bir g\u00fcn s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan bunalm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcne\u015fe ok atarak onu s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye, b\u00f6ylece serinlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn de denizde giderken, dalgalar\u0131n gemiyi sarsmas\u0131na k\u0131zm\u0131\u015f, e\u011filerek sulara uslu durmalar\u0131n\u0131 yoksa onlar\u0131 cezaland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Duygu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Herakles\u2019in \u00e7ok ince bir ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Hylas\u2019\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi zaman Argo gemisinden \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011fa, \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duygululu\u011fun zaman zaman zarar\u0131 da dokunurdu kendisine, \u00e7abuk \u00f6fkelenir, her yeri k\u0131r\u0131p ge\u00e7irir, \u00f6fkesi yat\u0131\u015f\u0131nca da yapt\u0131klar\u0131na pi\u015fman olurdu. \u0130\u015fte o zaman kendisinin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isterdi. Zaten kendi istemeden \u00fcnl\u00fc Herakles\u2019i cezaland\u0131rmak kimin elinden gelirdi ki? Onun kadar \u00e7ok ceza \u00e7ekeni g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fcler aras\u0131nda. Kendi iste\u011fime ra\u011fmen onu cezaland\u0131rmaktan korkanlarda olurdu ara s\u0131ra. B\u00f6yle durumlarda Herakles kendi kendini cezaland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019i bir ulusun ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7irip kral yapmak \u00e7ok sa\u00e7ma olurdu herhalde! O, kendi i\u015flerini bile do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir d\u00fczene sokamazd\u0131, nerde kald\u0131 ki bir \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netsin…Atinal\u0131 Theseus gibi yeni fikirler yaratmaz, yeni tasar\u0131lar kurmazd\u0131. Olsa olsa bir canavar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek gerekti\u011fini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rd\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne. Buna ra\u011fmen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir insand\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaln\u0131z sonsuz g\u00fcc\u00fcnden gelmiyordu; ruh b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de vard\u0131 onda. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015flara \u00f6yle \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcr, \u00f6yle \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc ki, kendi kendini yerdi. Yap\u0131lan haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in can\u0131n\u0131 bile vermeye haz\u0131rd\u0131. Bir de ak\u0131l bak\u0131m\u0131ndan geli\u015fmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, mitologyan\u0131n tek kusursuz kahraman\u0131 Herakles olacakt\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz.<\/p>\n

Thebai\u2019de do\u011fan Herakles\u2019in annesi Alkmene, babas\u0131 da Amphitryon\u2019du. Daha do\u011frusu herkes onun babas\u0131n\u0131n Amphitryon oldu\u011funu san\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130\u015fin asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, tanr\u0131lar tanr\u0131s\u0131 Zeus, Alkmene\u2019ye abay\u0131 yakm\u0131\u015f, zavall\u0131 kad\u0131nca\u011f\u0131z\u0131n kocas\u0131 sava\u015ftayken Amphitryon\u2019un k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na girerek Herakles gibi bir yi\u011fitin do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herakles\u2019le birlikte Iphikles adl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocuk daha do\u011furmu\u015ftu. Alkmene. Iphikles\u2019in Amphitryon\u2019dan oldu\u011fu besbelliydi. Nerde nur topu gibi Herakles, nerde c\u0131l\u0131z, \u00e7elimsiz Iphikles… Herakles g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc daha sekiz ayl\u0131kken g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Bir ak\u015fam Alkmene, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kad\u0131ktan, s\u00fctle doyurduktan sonra be\u015fiklerine yat\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cUyuyun yavrular\u0131m,\u201d diye ninniler s\u00f6yledi onlara. Be\u015fikleri sallamaya ba\u015flar ba\u015flamaz derin bir uykuya dald\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar. Anneleri de kendi odas\u0131na \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte o anda Herakles\u2019in Zeus\u2019un o\u011flu oldu\u011funu bilen k\u0131skan\u00e7 Hera, yavrucaklar\u0131n odas\u0131na iki b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131lan g\u00f6nderdi. Y\u0131lanlar be\u015fi\u011fe sokuldular. Iphikles, uyan\u0131p da korkun\u00e7 y\u0131lanlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, hayk\u0131r\u0131p a\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Herakles ise heyecanlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131; y\u0131lanlar\u0131 bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131 tutup var g\u00fcc\u00fcyle s\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Hayvanlar k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131p b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcyor, Iphikles de durmadan a\u011fl\u0131yordu. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye Alkmene ve Amphitryon yeti\u015ftiler. \u0130\u00e7eri girdiklerinde bir de ne g\u00f6rd\u00fcler, Herakles iki elinde iki y\u0131lan g\u00fcl\u00fcp duruyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nce irkildi Amphitryon, ama y\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131nca o\u011flunun ilerde b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fler ba\u015faraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131. Thebai\u2019li k\u00f6r bak\u0131c\u0131 Teiresias\u2019a sordular. Teiresias, Alkmene\u2019ye \u201cG\u00f6receksiniz,\u201d dedi \u201cgelecekte ak\u015famlar\u0131 y\u00fcn e\u011firirken b\u00fct\u00fcn Yunan kad\u0131nlar\u0131 o\u011flunuzu anlatacak. \u0130nsanl\u0131k onun gibi bir kahraman g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir daha, kolay kolay da g\u00f6rmeyecek.\u201d<\/p>\n

Biraz b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcnce e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 Herakles. Baz\u0131 derslerden ho\u015flan\u0131yor, baz\u0131 derslerden ise ho\u015flanm\u0131yordu. Ona ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dersleri \u00f6\u011fretmeye kalkmak tehlikeli bir \u015feydi. Musiki derslerinde hi\u00e7 mi hi\u00e7 ho\u015flanm\u0131yordu; belki de musiki \u00f6\u011fretmenini sevmemi\u015fti. Bir g\u00fcn \u00e7alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi zavall\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmeninin ba\u015f\u0131na indiriverdi. Adamca\u011f\u0131z orac\u0131kta \u00f6ld\u00fc. Herakles yand\u0131 yak\u0131ld\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcden par\u00e7aland\u0131, ama elden ne gelir… Ondan sonra musiki gibi dersleri bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131p, Herakles\u2019e silah kullanmay\u0131, at s\u00fcrmeyi, g\u00fcre\u015fmeyi \u00f6\u011frettiler. Bu dersleri \u00f6\u011freten b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fretmenler sa\u011f salim kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fcyordu Herakles, g\u00fc\u00e7leniyordu. On sekiz ya\u015f\u0131na gelmeden Kithiaron ormanlar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u00fcnl\u00fc aslan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc, postundan da kendisine elbise yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir s\u00fcre sonra Thebaililer Prenses Megara ile evlendirdiler onu. Kar\u0131 koca mutluluk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fay\u0131p gidiyorlard\u0131; bu evlilikten \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fullar\u0131 oldu. Ama i\u015fin i\u00e7ine Hera kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herakles\u2019i ans\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rt\u0131verdi. Akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan giden Herakles, Megara\u2019y\u0131 da, \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flunu da kendi elleriyle \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyordu. Ortal\u0131k kana bulan\u0131nca kendine geldi. Olanlar\u0131 korku i\u00e7inde uzaktan seyreden Thebaililer, onun kendine geldi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce yan\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131lar. Amphitryon, Megara\u2019yla \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 kendisinin \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi Herakles\u2019e.<\/p>\n

\u201dOnlar\u0131 ben \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcm ha?\u201d<\/em> diye inledi Herakles.
\n\u201dSen \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcn ama kendinde de\u011fildin.\u201d
\n\u201cKendi kendimi de \u00f6ld\u00fcrece\u011fim.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ra ba\u011f\u0131ra evden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 f\u0131rlad\u0131. \u0130\u015fte o anda Atina kral\u0131 Theseus g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc kap\u0131da., Herakles\u2019in kanl\u0131 ellerini tuttu:<\/p>\n

\u201dKendini \u00f6ld\u00fcremezsin Herakles. G\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde kendini \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrsen seni tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in tanr\u0131lar beni de ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamazlar sonra.\u201d
\n\u201cDemin ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 biliyor musun?\u201d<\/em> diye sordu Herakles.
\n\u201dBiliyorum.\u201d<\/em> dedi Theseus \u201dama ac\u0131 duyuyorsun ya. \u0130\u00e7inden neler ge\u00e7ti\u011fini anlar tanr\u0131lar, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131rs\u0131n.\u201d
\n\u201c\u00d6ld\u00fcrece\u011fim kendimi,\u201d
\n\u201cBir kahraman b\u00f6yle konu\u015fmaz.\u201d<\/em> dedi Theseus.
\n\u201dKendimi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyip de ne yapay\u0131m?\u201d<\/em> diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 Herakles \u201dYa\u015fayay\u0131m m\u0131? Herkes \u2018Bak i\u015fte kar\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren adam bu,\u2019 mu desin?\u201d
\n\u201cKendine gel,\u201d<\/em> dedi Theseus. \u201dBen seni Atina\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr\u00fcm. Evim senin evin, e\u015fyalar\u0131m senin e\u015fyalar\u0131n… G\u00fcn olur, sen de bana Atina\u2019ya yard\u0131m edersin.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n

Uzun bir sessizlik oldu. Sonunda, \u201dPeki,\u201d <\/em>dedi Herakles, \u201ddayanaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130ki arkada\u015f Atina\u2019ya gittiler. Orada Theseus, Herakles\u2019i yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201dSen o anda \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131n,\u201d<\/em> dedi; \u201dne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyordun. Bu i\u015fte senin su\u00e7un yok.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Herakles yine yat\u0131\u015fmad\u0131. Kar\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc g\u00f6vdeleri geliyordu g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne. Delphoi tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131na gidip bu su\u00e7tan ar\u0131nmak i\u00e7in ne yapmak gerekti\u011fini sordu.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131c\u0131 \u201dSu\u00e7lusun Herakles,\u201d<\/em> dedi, \u201dbu su\u00e7tan ar\u0131nmak i\u00e7in Mykenai Kral\u0131 Eurystheus\u2019a gidip onun buyuraca\u011f\u0131 \u015feyleri yapman gerek.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131 duyunca sevindi Herakles. Hemen Eurystheus\u2019a ko\u015ftu. Galiba pek iyi bir ki\u015fi de\u011fildi Mykenai kral\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adam\u0131n\u0131n kendine gelip tutsaklar gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istemesinden \u00e7ok ho\u015fland\u0131. Kendisine bu konuda Hera\u2019n\u0131n da ak\u0131l \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. Zaten Herakles\u2019i \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna kadar rahat b\u0131rakmad\u0131 Hera; onun Zeus\u2019un o\u011flu olmas\u0131n\u0131n kendisine yediremiyordu.<\/p>\n

Eurystheus\u2019un Herakles\u2019e yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ok iki i\u015fe mitologyada \u201dHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d<\/em> denir. Bunlar\u0131n de\u011fil on ikisini, birini bile yapmak her babayi\u011fidin harc\u0131 de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk i\u015f, g\u00f6vdesine hi\u00e7 bir silah\u0131n i\u015flemedi\u011fi y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 Nemea aslan\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekti. Herakles kolay\u0131n\u0131 buldu, aslan\u0131 bo\u011fazlayarak \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Sonra hayvan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131rt\u0131na al\u0131p Mykenai\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Herakles\u2019i \u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcnce Eurystheus\u2019un \u00f6d\u00fc koptu. \u015eehre sokmad\u0131 onu, buyruklar\u0131n\u0131 da hep uzaktan verdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci i\u015f Lerna\u2019ya gidip oradaki batakl\u0131kta ya\u015fayan Hydra adl\u0131 dokuz ba\u015fl\u0131 canavar\u0131 yok etmekti. \u00c7ok zor bir \u015feydi bu; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc canavar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan biri kopard\u0131k\u00e7a yerine iki ba\u015f birden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu i\u015fte, Herakles\u2019in ye\u011feni Iolaos, \u00fcnl\u00fc kahramana yard\u0131m etti. Herakles, Hydra\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kestik\u00e7e hayvan\u0131n kesik boyunlar\u0131 alevli bir k\u00fct\u00fckle da\u011flad\u0131. Sekiz ba\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6yle kesti Herakles; ama ba\u015flardan sonuncusu \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fc, bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc kesilmek nedir bilmiyordu. Ne yaps\u0131n, Herakles, o ba\u015f\u0131 da diri diri koca bir kayan\u0131n alt\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcverdi.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc i\u015f, Artemis\u2019in kutsal hayvanlar\u0131ndan biri olan alt\u0131n boynuzlu Keryneia geyi\u011fini yakalay\u0131p Mykenai\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrmekti. \u0130\u015fin i\u00e7inde kan ak\u0131tmak olsayd\u0131 kolayd\u0131. Herakles hemencecik \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcverirdi geyi\u011fi. Ama diri diri yakalamak i\u00e7in tam bir y\u0131l geyi\u011fin pe\u015finden ko\u015fmak gerekti.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc i\u015f, Erymanthos da\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yaban domuzunu tutmakt\u0131. Herakles\u2019i g\u00f6r\u00fcr g\u00f6rmez ka\u00e7maya ba\u015flad\u0131 yaban domuzu. Domuz ka\u00e7t\u0131, Herakles kovalad\u0131, domuz ka\u00e7t\u0131, Herakles kovalad\u0131. Sonunda azg\u0131n hayvan yoruldu. Onun yoruldu\u011funu anlayan Herakles hayvan\u0131 karl\u0131 bir yere do\u011fru s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Domuz karlara sapland\u0131. Kahramanlar kahraman\u0131 da domuzu s\u0131rtlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Eurystheus\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Be\u015finci i\u015f, Augias\u2019\u0131n ah\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bir g\u00fcnde temizlemekti. Binlerce hayvanl\u0131k bir s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc vard\u0131 Augias\u2019\u0131n. Ah\u0131rlar da y\u0131llard\u0131r temizlenmiyordu. Herakles, iki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yataklar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek ah\u0131rlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7irdi. Azg\u0131n sular k\u0131sa bir zamanda ah\u0131rlar\u0131 y\u0131kay\u0131p tertemiz yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131nc\u0131 i\u015f, Stymphalos\u2019da ya\u015fayan, o b\u00f6lgedeki insanlar\u0131n rahatlar\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131ran ku\u015flar\u0131 kovmakt\u0131. Bunu yapabilmek i\u00e7in Athena\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 istedi Herakles. Tanr\u0131\u00e7a ku\u015flar\u0131 \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcp, u\u00e7urunca o da hepsini teker teker vurdu, \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Yedinci i\u015f, Girit\u2019e gidip Poseidon\u2019un Minos\u2019a vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu azg\u0131n bo\u011fay\u0131 getirmekti. Herakles bunu da ba\u015fard\u0131. Azg\u0131n bo\u011fay\u0131 yakalay\u0131p bir gemiye bindirdi. Eurystheus\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Sekizinci i\u015f, Thrakia kral\u0131 Diomedes\u2019in insan eti yiyen k\u0131sraklar\u0131n\u0131 yakalamakt\u0131. \u00d6nce Diomedes\u2019i \u00f6l\u00fcrd\u00fc Herakles, sonra da k\u0131sraklar\u0131 yakalay\u0131p Mykenai\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Dokuzuncu i\u015f, Amazonlar\u0131n krali\u00e7esi Hippolyta\u2019dan kemerini almakt\u0131. Herakles\u2019i dinleyince, Hippolyta ona kemerini verece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Ama Hera kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 i\u015fin i\u00e7ine Amazonlar\u0131n i\u00e7ine bir ku\u015fku sald\u0131. Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131, Herakles\u2019in krali\u00e7elerini ka\u00e7\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanarak kahraman\u0131n gemisine sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Herakles, bunda bir su\u00e7u olmayan Hippolyta\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek kemerini ald\u0131. \u00d6teki Amazonlarla sava\u015ft\u0131 ellerinden kurtularak Mykenai\u2019ye d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Onuncu i\u015f, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki Erythia adas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6vdeli dev Geryoneus\u2019un s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almakt\u0131. Herakles i\u00e7in pek zor olmad\u0131 bu. S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131 kolayca \u00e7al\u0131p onuncu g\u00f6revi de ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

On birinci i\u015f, o zamana kadar verilen i\u015flerin en zoruydu. Bu sefer Hesperid\u2019lerin alt\u0131n elmalar\u0131n\u0131 getirecekti Herakles. Elmalar\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu bilmiyordu. D\u00fcnyay\u0131 s\u0131rt\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131yan Atlas\u2019a gidip sordu. Atlas bilirdi elmalar\u0131n yerini, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Hesperid\u2019lerin babas\u0131yd\u0131. \u201dBen elmalar\u0131 al\u0131r gelirim,\u201d<\/em> dedi Herakles\u2019e \u201dYaln\u0131z d\u00f6n\u00fcnceye kadar sen d\u00fcnyay\u0131 s\u0131rt\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131yacaks\u0131n.\u201d<\/em> Herakles kabul etti bunu. Atlas da bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in olsun a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcnden kurtuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sevinerek alt\u0131n elmalar\u0131 almaya gitti. D\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Herakles\u2019i d\u00fcnyay\u0131 s\u0131rt\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131r buldu. Nas\u0131l b\u0131rakt\u0131ysa \u00f6yle duruyordu Herakles. Atlas \u201dSen biraz daha d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131,\u201d<\/em> dedi. \u201dBen elmalar\u0131 Eurystheus\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr\u00fcm.\u201d<\/em> Herakles, onun kendisine bir oyun etti\u011fini anlad\u0131. \u201dOlur,\u201d<\/em> dedi, \u201dyaln\u0131z d\u00fcnya az\u0131c\u0131k kayd\u0131 sen tut da d\u00fczelteyim.\u201d<\/em> Anla\u015f\u0131lan Herakles\u2019den daha ak\u0131ls\u0131zm\u0131\u015f Atlas, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yine s\u0131rt\u0131na ald\u0131. Al\u0131\u015f o al\u0131\u015f, Herakles elmalar\u0131 kapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Mykenai\u2019nin yolunu tuttu.<\/p>\n

On ikinci i\u015f, yeralt\u0131na inip \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131 k\u00f6pe\u011fi Kerberos\u2019u yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmakt\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcler tanr\u0131s\u0131 Herakles\u2019in Kerberos ile sava\u015fmas\u0131na izin verdi. Yaln\u0131z bir \u015fart\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00dcnl\u00fc kahraman bu \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmada silah kullanmayacakt\u0131. Hades\u2019in \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti Herakles. Yaln\u0131z ellerini kullanarak yendi \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131 k\u00f6pe\u011fi, sonra al\u0131p Mykenai\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Kral Eurystheus ak\u0131ll\u0131ca davrand\u0131, \u201dAman burada b\u0131rakma Kerberos\u2019u, geri g\u00f6t\u00fcr,\u201d<\/em> dedi. Herakles de azg\u0131n hayvan\u0131 yine yeralt\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu i\u015fleri ba\u015far\u0131p su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra yeni yeni ser\u00fcvenlere at\u0131ld\u0131 Herakles. \u00d6nce topra\u011f\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131ndan dev Antaios ile bo\u011fu\u015ftu. \u00d6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan herkesle bo\u011fu\u015furdu Antaios, s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 yere getirdi\u011fi kimseleri de orac\u0131kta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u00d6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ki\u015filerin kafataslar\u0131ndan kendine bir tap\u0131nak yap\u0131yordu. G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn Herakles ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Hemen bo\u011fu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yarat\u0131kt\u0131 dev, Herakles onu ne zaman yere f\u0131rlatsa, toprak anadan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 taze g\u00fc\u00e7le, hi\u00e7 yorulmam\u0131\u015f gibi yeniden aya\u011fa f\u0131rl\u0131yordu. Herakles ne yaps\u0131n, tutup havaya kald\u0131rd\u0131 Antaios\u2019u, yere b\u0131rakmadan hava da bo\u011fdu.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra, sevdi\u011fi k\u0131z\u0131 elde edebilmek i\u00e7in \u0131rmak tanr\u0131lar\u0131ndan Akheloos\u2019la sava\u015ft\u0131 Herakles. Deianeira adl\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131 Akheloos da seviyor, elinden ka\u00e7\u0131rmak istemiyordu. Herakles\u2019in g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc bildi\u011finden dilini kullanarak yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak istedi kahraman\u0131; ama Herakles bakt\u0131 ki i\u015f konu\u015fmaya gelince kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki kendisinden \u00fcst\u00fcn \u201dSava\u015fal\u0131m kim yenerse k\u0131z\u0131 als\u0131n,\u201d<\/em> dedi. \u0130ster istemez sava\u015fmay\u0131 kabul etti. Akheloos, bo\u011fa k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na girerek Herakles\u2019e sald\u0131rd\u0131. Herakles, zaten al\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131 bo\u011falarla sava\u015fmaya, hemencecik yeniverdi \u0131rmak tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131. \u00dcstelik zavall\u0131n\u0131n bir boynuzunu da kopard\u0131. Deianeira\u2019y\u0131 kendisine e\u015f olarak ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu olaydan sonra Herakles Troia\u2019ya gitti. Troia kral\u0131 Laomedon tanr\u0131lardan Apollon ile Poseidon\u2019u k\u0131zd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ki tanr\u0131 Troia surlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131m etmi\u015fler, ama emeklerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine Troia\u2019ya Apollon bir salg\u0131n, Poseidon da bir deniz y\u0131lan\u0131 g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Herakles, \u015fehre girdi\u011fi zaman, kral\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda koca y\u0131lan\u0131n gelip kendisini yutmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyordu. Hemen Laomedon\u2019a gitti Herakles, \u201dZeus\u2019un b\u00fcy\u00fckbabana verdi\u011fi atlar\u0131 bana verirsen Troia\u2019y\u0131 bu y\u0131landan kurtar\u0131r\u0131m,\u201d<\/em> dedi. Kral kabul etti bunu, Herakles\u2019de y\u0131lan\u0131 kolayca \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ama kral s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tutmad\u0131. Atlar\u0131 alamay\u0131nca Herakles \u00f6fkeyle Troia\u2019ya gitti. Laomedon\u2019u \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc; kral\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 da arkada\u015f\u0131 Salamisli Telamon\u2019a verdi.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli i\u015flerden biri de, kafkaslara giderek Prometheus\u2019u kurtarmas\u0131d\u0131r. Onun ci\u011ferini yiyen kartal\u0131 da Herakles \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fler de vard\u0131r Herakles\u2019in. Kahramanlar kahraman\u0131 bir keresinde, \u015f\u00f6lende eline su d\u00f6ken \u00e7ocukca\u011f\u0131z\u0131 elinde olmayarak \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kolunu sallay\u0131nca yan\u0131ba\u015f\u0131nda duran \u00e7ocu\u011fa vurmu\u015f, onun g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayanamayan zavall\u0131c\u0131k hemen \u00f6l\u00fcvermi\u015fti. \u00c7ocu\u011fun babas\u0131, Herakles\u2019i ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131. Ama d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn canavarlar\u0131n\u0131 dize getiren kahraman kendi kendini ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamad\u0131. Gidip bir s\u00fcre s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir keresinde de, sevdi\u011fi arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan Iphitos\u2019u, babas\u0131 Eurytos\u2019un y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu olay Zeus\u2019u \u00e7ok k\u0131zd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6kler tanr\u0131s\u0131, Zeus\u2019u tutsak olarak Lydia\u2019ya, krali\u00e7e Omphale\u2019nin yan\u0131na g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti. Orada \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l kald\u0131 Herakles. Omphale, e\u011flenmek i\u00e7in kad\u0131n giysileri giydirdi kahramana, ona kad\u0131n i\u015fleri yapt\u0131rtt\u0131. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda y\u00fcn m\u00fc e\u011firmedi Herakles, bula\u015f\u0131k m\u0131 y\u0131kamad\u0131… Ama tutsakl\u0131ktan kurtulur kurtulmaz da Kral Eurytos\u2019dan \u00f6c alaca\u011f\u0131na ant i\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in ki\u015fili\u011finin en belirgin ser\u00fcvenlerinden biri de, onun Thessalia\u2019da ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en ser\u00fcvenidir. Herakles, Diomedes\u2019in insan eti yiyen k\u0131sraklar\u0131n\u0131 yakalamaya giderken Thessalia krallar\u0131ndan Admetos\u2019un saray\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Eski bir arkada\u015f\u0131yd\u0131 Admetos, Herakles de geceyi onun saray\u0131nda ge\u00e7irecekti.<\/p>\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc kahraman, arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u00e7inde buldu. Sebebini sonradan \u00f6\u011frendi: Admetos\u2019un kar\u0131s\u0131 Alkestis, biraz \u00f6nce \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc garip bir \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fc bu…<\/p>\n

Eskiden, tanr\u0131lar tanr\u0131s\u0131 Zeus, Apollon\u2019un o\u011flu Asklepios\u2019u \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Apollon da \u00f6\u00e7 almak amac\u0131yla Zeus\u2019un i\u015f\u00e7ileri Kykloplar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Tanr\u0131lar tanr\u0131s\u0131 onun bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 cezaland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Apollon\u2019u yery\u00fcz\u00fcne, bir y\u0131l Admetos\u2019un yan\u0131nda u\u015fakl\u0131k etmeye yollad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Apollon, u\u015fakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Admetos ve Alkestis ile dost oldu. Kar\u0131-koca \u00e7ok yak\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6steriyordu kendisine. Apollon bu yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalmak istemedi. Kader tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131 Moira\u2019lardan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi bir haberi gidip Admetos\u2019a s\u00f6yledi. \u00d6\u011frendi\u011fine g\u00f6re, kral\u0131n hayat ipli\u011fi art\u0131k kesilmek \u00fczereydi. Yaln\u0131z, tanr\u0131 Moira\u2019larla konu\u015fmu\u015f, ipli\u011fin kesilmesini birazc\u0131k geciktirmi\u015fti. Admetos, kendisinin yerine \u00f6lecek bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n bulursa kurtulacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bunu duyan Admetos, hemen annesiyle babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na ko\u015ftu. \u201dSiz art\u0131k ya\u015fland\u0131n\u0131z. Biriniz benim yerime \u00f6l\u00fcn de ben kurtulay\u0131m,\u201d<\/em> dedi. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar canlar\u0131na daha d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fc oluyor galiba. \u0130kisi de bu teklifi kabul etmedi. \u201dAman o\u011ful,\u201d<\/em> dediler \u201dbu ya\u015fta g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha tatl\u0131 geliyor adama.\u201d<\/em> Admetos k\u0131zarak, \u201d\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn e\u015fi\u011findesiniz,\u201d <\/em>diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131, \u201dH\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6lmekten korkuyorsunuz!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ama kendi de korkuyordu \u00f6lmekten. Arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na ko\u015ftu hepsiyle konu\u015ftu. Kimse onun yerine \u00f6lmek istemiyordu. Sonunda mutsuzluk i\u00e7inde evine d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Alkestis, kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczg\u00fcn oldu\u011funu sezmi\u015fti. Sonunda \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn neden geldi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi. \u201dHi\u00e7 s\u0131kma can\u0131n\u0131,\u201d<\/em> dedi \u201dben senin yerine \u00f6l\u00fcr\u00fcm.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Admetos\u2019un ne kadar sevindi\u011fini ayr\u0131ca belirtmek gerekmiyor. Alkestis \u00f6l\u00fcme haz\u0131rland\u0131. Moira\u2019lar onun hayat ipli\u011fini kestiler. Admetos, sicim gibi g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kt\u00fc, yand\u0131 yak\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte o anda Herakles geldi kral\u0131n saray\u0131na. Kral konuklara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcler y\u00fczle davran\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00fcnl\u00fc kahramana \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belli etmek istemedi. Onun \u00fcst\u00fcndeki yas elbisesini g\u00f6ren Herakles, \u201dKim \u00f6ld\u00fc?\u201d<\/em> diye sordu.
\n\u201dHiii\u00e7,\u201d<\/em> diye cevap verdi Admetos \u201dhizmet\u00e7ilerden biri.\u201d<\/em>
\n\u201d\u00d6yleyse ben gideyim,\u201d<\/em> dedi Herakles.
\n\u201dOlur mu can\u0131m?.. Bu geceyi benim saray\u0131mdan ba\u015fka yerde ge\u00e7iremezsin.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Sonra u\u015faklar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p konu\u011fu uzak odalardan birine g\u00f6t\u00fcrmelerini s\u00f6yledi. B\u00f6ylece, a\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131, a\u011fla\u015fmalar\u0131 duyamayacakt\u0131 Herakles.<\/p>\n

Herakles odaya \u00e7ekilip bir ba\u015f\u0131na yiyip i\u00e7emeye ba\u015flad\u0131. U\u015faklar durmadan ona yiyecek i\u00e7ecek yeti\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131. Her \u015fey daha sofraya koymadan bitiveriyordu. Hele \u015farap…<\/p>\n

Karn\u0131 doyup i\u00e7kiyle ba\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra Herakles, \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Kart sesiyle bar bar ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yordu. U\u015faklardan birine, \u201dHadi be,\u201d<\/em> diye g\u00fcrledi, \u201dsen de i\u00e7sene!\u201d<\/em>
\nU\u015fak, \u201cAman efendim. Siz de tam i\u00e7ip kahkahalar atacak zaman\u0131 buldunuz.\u201d diye cevap verdi.
\n\u201dNiye i\u00e7meyecekmi\u015fim? Yabanc\u0131 bir kar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fc diye g\u00fclmeyeyim mi yani?\u201d<\/em> dedi Herakles.
\n\u201dYabanc\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d
\n\u201cYabanc\u0131 ya. Admetos \u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi. Bana yalan m\u0131 s\u00f6yledi demek istiyorsun?\u201d<\/em>
\n\u201dYok yok, \u00f6yle demek istemiyorum, efendim,\u201d<\/em> dedi u\u015fak, \u201dsadece konukseverli\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015f size.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in barda\u011f\u0131na \u015farap doldurmak \u00fczere testiye davrand\u0131. Herakles uzan\u0131p s\u0131ms\u0131k\u0131 yakalad\u0131, adamca\u011f\u0131z\u0131n bile\u011fini.<\/p>\n

\u201dBurada bir \u015feyler d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. Ne var? Do\u011fruyu s\u00f6yle bana.\u201d<\/em> diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.
\nU\u015fak, \u201dG\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz efendim. Yas tutuyoruz.\u201d<\/em> diye cevap verdi.
\n\u201dKim \u00f6ld\u00fc?\u201d<\/em>
\n\u201dAlkestis. Kral\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131.\u201d
\n\u201cBilmeliydim,\u201d<\/em> diye f\u0131s\u0131ldad\u0131, \u201dg\u00f6zleri kan \u00e7ana\u011f\u0131 gibiydi Admetos\u2019un. Ama yemin etti, \u2018Hizmet\u00e7i \u00f6ld\u00fc,\u2019 dedi. Belli etmek istemedi \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc. O, ac\u0131lar i\u00e7inde k\u0131vran\u0131rken ben oturup burada \u015farap i\u00e7tim. Ah, s\u00f6ylemeliydi bana.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Her zaman yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn su\u00e7u \u00fcst\u00fcne ald\u0131 yine. Kendini ba\u011f\u0131\u015flatmak i\u00e7in bir \u015feyler yapmal\u0131yd\u0131. Yapamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fey yoktu d\u00fcnyada. Birden bire akl\u0131na geldi. \u201d\u00d6l\u00fcm \u015fimdi mezar ba\u015f\u0131nda Alkestis\u2019i bekliyordur,\u201d<\/em> dedi; \u201dgider onunla g\u00fcre\u015firim. Belinden kavrad\u0131m m\u0131 b\u0131rakmam. Kaburgalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rar\u0131m. Alkestis\u2019i al\u0131r geri getiririm arkada\u015f\u0131ma. Mezar ba\u015f\u0131nda de\u011filse, Hades\u2019e kadar bile inerim.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Keyifle aya\u011fa f\u0131rlad\u0131. Hem arkada\u015f\u0131na bir iyilik etmi\u015f olacak, hem de \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc iyi bir g\u00fcre\u015f tutacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saray\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman Herakles\u2019i Admetos kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Bir kad\u0131n vard\u0131 Herakles\u2019in yan\u0131nda. Az\u0131c\u0131k yorgun g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kahraman, \u201dBak Admetos\u201d<\/em> dedi, \u201dtan\u0131yor musun bu kad\u0131n\u0131?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Admetos, \u201dHayalet bu!\u201d<\/em> diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 \u201dOlamaz! Tanr\u0131lar benimle alay ediyor!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Herakles, \u201cSeninle alay eden yok. Gidip \u00d6l\u00fcm\u2019le g\u00fcre\u015ftim, kar\u0131n\u0131 geri getirdim.\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in ki\u015fili\u011fi bu \u00f6yk\u00fcde apa\u00e7\u0131k ortadad\u0131r: basit, aptalca, \u00e7abucak sarho\u015f olan, \u00d6l\u00fcm\u2019\u00fcn bile kendi s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 yere getiremeyece\u011fine inanan bir adam… \u0130\u015fte Herakles budur. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, kahramanlar kahraman\u0131, yas tutan u\u015faklardan birini de \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeliydi ki ki\u015fili\u011fi daha da ortaya \u00e7\u0131ks\u0131n. Herakles\u2019in oldu\u011fu yerde birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi \u00f6lmez mi hi\u00e7? Ama yukar\u0131daki \u00f6yk\u00fcy\u00fc anlatan Euripides, sadece Alkestis\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgilenmi\u015f, oyunun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozacak ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara yer vermemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Herakles, Omphale\u2019nin yan\u0131nda tutsak bulundu\u011fu zaman i\u00e7ti\u011fi and\u0131 yerine getirmek i\u00e7in serbest b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r b\u0131rak\u0131lmaz bir ordu toplad\u0131. Do\u011fru, Eurytos\u2019un \u015fehrine giderek kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Sonra kar\u0131s\u0131 Deianeira\u2019ya arma\u011fan olarak birka\u00e7 gen\u00e7 k\u0131z g\u00f6nderdi. K\u0131zlardan Iole adl\u0131s\u0131 son derece g\u00fczeldi. Haberci Deianeira\u2019ya, Herakles\u2019in onu sevdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Bunu duyan kad\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc y\u00fcre\u011fini, g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne eski bir an\u0131 geldi:<\/p>\n

Herakles, kendisini ilk g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman Deianeira, Kentaur Nesson\u2019un s\u0131rt\u0131nda bir \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7iyordu. Nesson, suyun ortas\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti kendisine; bu s\u00f6zleri duyan Herakles de kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131ya att\u0131\u011f\u0131 oklarla Kentaur\u2019u \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kentaur \u00f6l\u00fcrken kan\u0131n\u0131n biraz\u0131n\u0131 Deianeira\u2019ya vermi\u015f \u201dBunu sakla e\u011fer ileride Herakles senden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 severse b\u00fcy\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131rs\u0131n,\u201d<\/em> demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

O an gelip \u00e7atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 \u015fimdi. Deianeira, bir kapta saklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. Herakles\u2019e g\u00f6ndermek istedi\u011fi bir g\u00f6mle\u011fi o kanla k\u0131z\u0131la boyad\u0131ktan sonra haberciyle kocas\u0131na yollad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6mle\u011fi giyer giymez bir ate\u015f kaplad\u0131 Herakles\u2019in g\u00f6vdesini. \u00d6fkeden, ac\u0131dan g\u00f6z\u00fc d\u00f6nen Herakles, haberciyi tuttu\u011fu gibi denize f\u0131rlatt\u0131. Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebiliyordu i\u015fte, ama kendisi \u00f6lm\u00fcyordu. Hemen haber g\u00f6nderdiler kar\u0131s\u0131na; Deianeira, kocas\u0131na olanlar\u0131 duyar duymaz kendini vurdu.<\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019i evine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Kahramanlar kahraman\u0131 art\u0131k sonunun geldi\u011fi anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u201dMadem \u00f6l\u00fcm bana gelmiyor, ben ona gideyim\u201d<\/em> dedi. Oita da\u011f\u0131nda koca bir odun y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlatt\u0131. Adamlar\u0131 oraya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler kendisini. Bir zamanlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131 yere gelmez kahraman\u0131, odunlara bakarak, \u201dHer \u015fey bitiyor, art\u0131k rahata kavu\u015faca\u011f\u0131m,\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

Oklar\u0131yla yay\u0131n\u0131 gen\u00e7 arkada\u015f\u0131 Philoktetes\u2019e verdi. Sonra me\u015faleyi uzatarak \u201dAl, Philoktetes,\u201d<\/em> diye m\u0131r\u0131ldand\u0131 \u201dodunlar\u0131 sen ate\u015fle\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra Herakles yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde de\u011fildi art\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131lar Olympos\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar Herakles\u2019i. Orada \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz olan kahraman, Hera\u2019yla bar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Hebe\u2019yle evlendirildi. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde uslu uslu oturdu mu, yoksa tanr\u0131lar\u0131n huzurunu ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p onlar\u0131 da tedirgin etti mi, oras\u0131 bilinmiyor.<\/p>\n

Notlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Eurystheos\u2019un Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Hakimiyeti<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Eurystheos, Argos hakimi Sthenelus\u2019un kar\u0131s\u0131 Nikippe\u2019den do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Tuhaf bir tesad\u00fcf eseri olarak Alkmene, Herakles\u2019e hamile oldu\u011fu s\u0131rada Nikippe\u2019de Eurystheos\u2019e y\u00fckl\u00fc idi.<\/p>\n

Hera, bu iki kad\u0131ndan do\u011fan bu \u00e7ocuklardan hangisi \u00f6nce do\u011farsa di\u011feri \u00fczerinde hakim olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Zeus\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan ve Alkmene\u2019yi k\u0131skand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Nikippi\u2019nin daha evvel do\u011furmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6nce Eurystheos do\u011fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

– Yaz\u0131 da bahsi ge\u00e7en \u201cHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d<\/em> baz\u0131 kaynaklarda \u201cHerakles\u2019in On \u0130ki Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131\u201d<\/em> olarak al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

– Nemea Aslan\u0131 ve Postu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bkz: \u201cHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d \u0130lk \u0130\u015f)
\nHerakles, korkun\u00e7 Nemea aslan\u0131n\u0131 bo\u011farak \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra, derisini y\u00fczd\u00fc. Hi\u00e7bir okun delmedi\u011fi ve delemeyece\u011fi bu deriyi giydi, o g\u00fcnden sonra bunu bir z\u0131rh olarak kulland\u0131, bu y\u00fczden onu kimse yenemedi.<\/p>\n

– Lerna Ejderinin Zehiri<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bkz: \u201cHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d \u0130kinci \u0130\u015f)
\nHerakles, \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ejderin zehirinde oklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131slatt\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece oklar zehirli ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc oklar haline geldi.<\/p>\n

– Stymphalos Ku\u015flar\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bkz: \u201cHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d Alt\u0131nc\u0131 \u0130\u015f)
\nBaz\u0131 kaynaklarda, Herakles\u2019in Stymphalos ku\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Athena\u2019dan yard\u0131m istemek yerine, y\u00fcksek bir da\u011f\u0131n tepesine \u00e7\u0131karak m\u00fcthi\u015f sesler \u00e7\u0131karan ziller kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazar. Daha sonra da ka\u00e7an ku\u015flar\u0131 Lerna Ejderinin zehriyle \u0131slatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 oklar\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

– Amazonlar Hakk\u0131nda Bilgi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Eskilerin Pontus \u2013 Euxinus dedikleri Karadeniz\u2019in g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7ar\u015famba ile \u00dcnye aras\u0131nda Themiskyra kasabas\u0131na yak\u0131n Theromodon (Terme\u00e7ay\u0131) sahilinde Amazon denilen ve yaln\u0131z kad\u0131nlardan bir halk kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fard\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok seven ve sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 olarak \u00fcn veren bu efsanevi kad\u0131nlar\u0131n krali\u00e7elerinin ad\u0131 Hippolyte idi. Krali\u00e7elik i\u015fareti olarak Sava\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Ares; Hippolyte\u2019ye bir kemer hediye etmi\u015fti. Herakles\u2019in \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kemer de budur.<\/p>\n

– Atlas, D\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve Elma \u00dczerine<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bkz: \u201cHerakles\u2019in \u0130\u015fleri\u201d On Birinci \u0130\u015f)
\nHerakles\u2019in Atlas\u2019\u0131 kand\u0131rarak, tekrar d\u00fcnyay\u0131 Atlas\u2019\u0131n omuzlar\u0131na y\u0131kma hikayesi ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131l\u0131r:
\nHerakles, yine Atlas\u2019\u0131n teklifini kabul eder gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u201c\u0130stiyorum ki krala elmalar\u0131 kendin g\u00f6t\u00fcresin, fakat yola \u00e7\u0131kmadan evvel az\u0131c\u0131k bir zaman i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc omuzlar\u0131na al, ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131n rahat etmesi, bu kadar a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fc ezilmeden ta\u015f\u0131yabilmesi i\u00e7in onun \u00fcst\u00fcne bir yast\u0131k koyay\u0131m,\u201d<\/em> der. Atlas da hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphelenmeden g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc omuzlar\u0131na al\u0131r…<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, Herakles\u2019in g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc elmalar\u0131 sonradan Eurystheos, Hera\u2019ya arma\u011fan etmi\u015f, o da onlar\u0131 Hesperid\u2019ler bah\u00e7esine geri g\u00f6ndermi\u015f oldu\u011funu baz\u0131 mitologyalar yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

– Omphale ve Herakles<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Herakles\u2019in Omphale yan\u0131nda kad\u0131n i\u015fleri yapmas\u0131, mitologyada Omphale ile Herakles aras\u0131nda ki sehvet dolu a\u015fkla a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r. Herakles, Omphale\u2019ye kapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kalbinin ve a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131n esiri olmu\u015ftur ve g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e yi\u011fitlik duygular\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcp, kad\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r…<\/p>\n

– Mitologya da beyaz kavak a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 Herakles\u2019e tahsis edilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong> <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Greek & Romen
\nMythology
\n– Edith Hamilton<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Yunan Mitolojisi
\n– \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2p ve Aka Yay\u0131nlar<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Bulfinch (http:\/\/www.bulfinch.org)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
F\u0131rat “Desang’ard” Hac\u0131ahmeto\u011flu<\/span>
\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(Bu yaz\u0131 lostlibrary.org<\/strong> sitesinden, yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n izni al\u0131narak yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Herakles\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri bir\u00e7ok yazar anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yazarlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Ovidius ile Apollodoros gelir. Apollodoros, Herakles\u2019in hayat\u0131n\u0131 Ovidius\u2019a g\u00f6re daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131yla \u00e7izer. Be\u015finci y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Eupirides ile Sophokles, Herakles\u2019in \u00e7e\u015fitli ser\u00fcvenlerini oyun bi\u00e7iminde yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc kahraman\u0131n daha bebekken y\u0131lanlarla olan k\u0131sa bo\u011fu\u015fmas\u0131 da, Theokritos ile Pindaros\u2019un eserlerine konu olmu\u015ftur. Eski Yunan\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kahraman\u0131 Herakles\u2019ti. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":59,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3925","page","type-page","status-publish"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3925"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3925\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kayiprihtim.org\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}