\u0130nsanlar tarihin ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131ndan bu yana ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc varl\u0131klara ilgi duymu\u015flar, o d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 olaylar\u0131 (f\u0131rt\u0131na, \u015fim\u015fek, g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc) inand\u0131klar\u0131 bu tanr\u0131lar\u0131n bir i\u015fareti olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Daha ileriki vakitlerde bu tanr\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik kehanetleri oldu\u011funa inanm\u0131\u015flar ve mitolojilerin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn hemen her milletin kendine ait bir mitolojisi vard\u0131r. Bunlar i\u00e7inde tarihin ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda yer alan M\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisi, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz tarihin en eski mitolojisidir. M\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisi tanr\u0131lar\u0131, hik\u00e2yeleri ve bir\u00e7ok kehanetleriyle tarihin en zengin mitolojisi olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisini di\u011fer mitolojilerden ay\u0131ran en belirgin \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise sembollerle anlat\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0131s\u0131r mitolojisi ve dini genel olarak politeistik -henoteistik bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r, zaman zaman monoteistik bir yap\u0131ya da sahip olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131mdan ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m kadar\u0131yla k\u00e2inat\u0131n tamam\u0131 sularla dolu idi. Mitolojinin ilk tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan Re-Atum, sudan do\u011farak yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc en ba\u015ftan yaratt\u0131. Yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u015feyler ise nem ve hava oldu. Nem-hava ikilisi d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yaratt\u0131. Re-Atum ard\u0131ndan g\u00f6k ve yeri yaratt\u0131. G\u00f6k ve yer bilinmezlik i\u00e7inde dola\u015f\u0131rken tesad\u00fcf eseri insan soyunu yaratt\u0131. Daha sonra Re-Atum\u2019un o\u011flu Osiris d\u00fcnya ya geldi ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a h\u00fckmetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Re-Atum\u2019un ikinci o\u011flu Seth d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011finde ise k\u00e2inat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir korku ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck sard\u0131. Seth M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a h\u00fckmedebilmek i\u00e7in Osiris\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc ve cesedini par\u00e7alara ay\u0131rd\u0131. Osiris\u2019in kar\u0131s\u0131 \u0130sis ceset par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan o\u011flunu yaratt\u0131. Osiris\u2019in o\u011flu ve par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Horus daha sonra Seth\u2019i yenilgiye u\u011fratarak k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uzun bir s\u00fcre ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Horus\u2019un M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a h\u00fckmetmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131yla da firavun soyunun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n Yine wikipedia.org adl\u0131 sitede ise \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u201cM\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta evrenin kaosun kara sular\u0131yla dolu oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlard\u0131. \u0130lk tanr\u0131, Re-Atum, ayn\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r karas\u0131n\u0131n Nil’in ta\u015fan sular\u0131ndan her sene ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi sudan (y\u00fckseldi ve) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Re-Atum’dan \u015eu (hava) ve Tefnut (nem) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u015eu ve Tefnut’un iki \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011fu zaman d\u00fcnya yarat\u0131ld\u0131: Nut (g\u00f6k) ve Geb (yer). \u015eu ve Tefnut karanl\u0131klarda gezerken kaybolunca insanlar yarat\u0131ld\u0131. Zira Re-Atum g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc onlar\u0131 aramaya g\u00f6nderdi ve onlara kavu\u015ftu\u011funda d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sevin\u00e7 g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 insanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Osiris Re-Atum’un o\u011flu ve M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n kral\u0131yd\u0131. Erkek karde\u015fi Seth ise evrendeki k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc temsil etmekteydi. Osiris’i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc ve kendisi kral oldu. Osiris’i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra v\u00fccudunu par\u00e7alara ay\u0131rd\u0131, fakat \u0130sis bu par\u00e7alardan \u00e7o\u011funu kurtard\u0131. Seth kendisini kral yapm\u0131\u015f olsa da Osiris’in o\u011flu Horus taraf\u0131ndan yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yenilen Set \u00e7\u00f6le s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131 olur. Osiris Anubis taraf\u0131ndan mumyalanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00fclerin tanr\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Horus kral ve firavunlar\u0131n atas\u0131 oldu.\u201d<\/p>\n Osiris Efsanesi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Osiris M\u0131s\u0131r k\u00fclt\u00fcnde, en \u00f6nemli tanr\u0131lardan biridir. Tanr\u0131\u00e7a \u0130sis’in hem kocas\u0131, hem karde\u015fi. Horus’un ise babas\u0131d\u0131r. Osiris bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kural koyucusudur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda tar\u0131m\u0131n ve bereketin simgesidir.<\/p>\n Mitolojiye g\u00f6re insanlar Osiris’i severler. Koydu\u011fu kurallar\u0131 severek yerine getirirler. Karde\u015fi Seth onun bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131skan\u0131r. Seth Osiris’ten kurtulmak i\u00e7in bir plan yapar. Karde\u015finin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerine uygun bir tabut yapt\u0131r\u0131r. Bir \u015f\u00f6len d\u00fczenler ve Osiris’i de o \u015f\u00f6lene davet eder. \u015e\u00f6lenin en sonunda \u00f6nceden yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 tabutu \u00e7\u0131kararak bu tabutun kime uyarsa ona verilece\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Herkes dener ve tabut sadece Osiris’e uyar. Bunun \u00fczerine Seth hemen tabutun kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131r ve Osiris’in i\u00e7inde oldugu tabutu Nil’e atar.<\/p>\n Osiris’in kar\u0131s\u0131 \u0130sis kocas\u0131n\u0131 aramaya ba\u015flar. Sonunda tabutunu bulur ve onu da al\u0131p M\u0131s\u0131r’a d\u00f6ner. Cenaze t\u00f6reni yapmak i\u00e7in tabutu bir batakl\u0131\u011fa saklar. Seth avdan d\u00f6nerken tabutu bulur ve \u00e7ok sinirlenir. Osiris’in v\u00fccudunu tabuttan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p par\u00e7alara b\u00f6ler ve M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130sis bu par\u00e7alar\u0131 teker teker bulur. Bir par\u00e7as\u0131 eksiktir. Buna ra\u011fmen sihir ve b\u00fcy\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan Osiris’i canland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130sis ve Osiris’in Horus ad\u0131nda bir \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olur. Horus b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcnce Seth’e sava\u015f a\u00e7ar. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu sava\u015f\u0131n sonucunda Osiris yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kral\u0131, Horus ya\u015fam\u0131n kral\u0131, Seth ise \u015feytanl\u0131k ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kral\u0131 olarak kabul edilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Not:<\/em><\/strong> Daha fazlas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cM\u0131s\u0131r Mitolojisi\u201d ve \u201cM\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcler Kitab\u0131\u201d kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n